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''Memoirs of the Author of A Vindication of the Rights of Woman'' (1798) is William Godwin's biography of his wife Mary Wollstonecraft, the author of ''A Vindication of the Rights of Woman'' (1792). Godwin felt it was his duty to edit and publish Wollstonecraft's unfinished works after her death. A week after her funeral, he started on this project and a memoir of her life. In order to prepare to write the biography, he reread all of her works, spoke with her friends, and ordered and numbered their correspondence. After four months of hard work, he had completed both projects. According to William St Clair, who has written a biography of the Godwins and the Shelleys, Wollstonecraft was so famous by this time that Godwin did not have to mention her name in the title of the memoir.〔St Clair, 180.〕 Published in January 1798, Godwin's account of Wollstonecraft's life is wracked with sorrow and, inspired by Jean-Jacques Rousseau's ''Confessions'', unusually frank for its time.〔St Clair, 184.〕 He did not shrink from presenting the parts of Wollstonecraft's life that late eighteenth-century British society would judge either immoral or in bad taste, such as her close friendship with a woman, her love affairs, her illegitimate child, her suicide attempts and her agonizing death.〔Clemit and Walker, "Introduction"〕〔St Clair, 182.〕 In the "Preface", Godwin explains: Godwin's openness was not always appreciated by the people he named or by Wollstonecraft's sisters. Everina and Eliza ran a school in Ireland and they lost students as a result of the ''Memoir''.〔St Clair, 182, 184.〕 Joseph Johnson, Wollstonecraft's life-long friend and the book's publisher, tried to dissuade Godwin from including explicit details regarding her life, but he refused.〔St Clair, 183.〕 However, the book was heavily criticized and Godwin was forced to revise it for a second edition in August of the same year.〔St Clair, 185.〕 Rarely published in the nineteenth century and sparingly even today, ''Memoirs'' is most often viewed as a source for information on Wollstonecraft. However, with the rise of interest in biography and autobiography as important genres in and of themselves, scholars are increasingly studying it for its own sake.〔Clemit and Walker, "Introduction".〕〔St Clair, 183–84.〕 Claudia Johnson has written that "Godwin's ''Memoirs'' appeared virtually to celebrate Wollstonecraft's suicidal tendencies as somehow appropriate in a heroine of her exquisite sensibility".〔Johnson, Claudia. ''Jane Austen: Women, Politics, and the Novel''. Chicago: University of Chicago Press (1988), 64.〕 The ''Anti-Jacobin Review and Magazine'' pilloried the book, writing that "if it does not shew what it is wise to pursue, it manifests what it is wise to avoid. It illustrates both the sentiments and conduct resulting from such principles as those of Mrs. Wollstonecroft and Mr. Godwin. It also in some degree accounts for the formation of such visionary theories and pernicious doctrines."〔''Anti-Jacobin Review and Magazine'' (July 1798), 94.〕 The review surveys Wollstonecraft's entire life and indicts almost every element of it, from her efforts to care for Fanny Blood, her close friend, to her writings. Of her two ''Vindications'' in particular, it criticizes her "extravagance" and lack of logic.〔''Anti-Jacobin Review and Magazine'' (July 1798), 95.〕 However, when the review comes to discuss her relationship with Gilbert Imlay, it tips over into outright slander, accusing her of being a "concubine" and a "kept mistress" and writing "the biographer does not mention many of her amours. Indeed it was unnecessary: two or three instances of action often decide a character as well as a thousand."〔''Anti-Jacobin Review and Magazine'' (July 1798), 97.〕 Rising to a fever pitch at the end, the review claims that "the moral sentiments and moral conduct of Mrs. Wollstonecroft , resulting from their principles and theories, exemplify and illustrate JACOBIN MORALITY" and warns parents against bringing up their children using her advice.〔〔''Anti-Jacobin Review and Magazine'' (July 1798), 98–9.〕 ==Notes== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Memoirs of the Author of A Vindication of the Rights of Woman」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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